A newly discovered virus that causes symptoms similar to malaria has been found in Peru. The virus was first observed in a man in his twenties who went to the hospital after experiencing fever, chills, headaches, muscle pain, and other symptoms for two days.
Initially, the doctors were unable to identify the cause of the mysterious illness. However, after conducting laboratory investigations, a previously unknown pathogen was discovered. The virus belongs to the phlebovirus family, which is known to cause acute febrile illnesses such as malaria and Rift Valley fever.
Rift Valley fever, which is typically spread by biting insects such as sandflies, mosquitoes or ticks, can be fatal if it develops into haemorrhagic fever, causing bleeding from the mouth, ears, eyes and internal organs.
There are 66 species of phlebovirus, nine of which have been found to cause febrile illnesses in Central and South America. However, only three have been detected in Peru – Echarate virus (ECHV), Maldonado virus, and Candiru virus.
In 2019, a virus was discovered in Hospital De La Merced Chanchamayo which appears to be unlike any virus seen before. Analysis indicates that the virus was created through a recombinant event, wherein an ECHV virus exchanged fragments of DNA with another virus.
According to an article published in the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases, the authors have raised concerns about a new disease that may already be present in the jungles of Peru. They have recommended that monitoring of the virus should be continued. Additionally, they have pointed out that this new disease is similar to other tropical diseases, which could make it challenging to identify.
“It has been reported that a new strain of ECHV is currently circulating in the central jungle of Peru. This variant shares similar clinical symptoms with diseases such as dengue, malaria, and other tropical infectious diseases that are common in this region. Therefore, it is important to continue biosurveillance to detect any novel or emerging pathogens and ensure the health of the population, as well as the US service members deployed in the affected areas of Peru.
It is important to conduct studies to determine the extent to which the new variant is present in this region, to identify possible factors and sources involved in its transmission, and to aid in decision-making to keep service members healthy and safe while on and off duty.
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